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<span id="openzim-page-title" class="mw-page-title-main"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Remote scripting</span></span>
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<div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><p><b>Remote scripting</b> is a technology which allows scripts and programs that are running inside a browser to exchange information with a server. The local scripts can invoke scripts on the remote side and process the returned information.
</p><p>The earliest form of asynchronous remote scripting was developed before XMLHttpRequest existed, and made use of very simple process: a static web page opens a dynamic web page (e.g. at other target frame) that is reloaded with new JavaScript content, generated remotely on the <a href="Server_side" class="mw-redirect" title="Server side">server side</a>.
</p><p>The <a href="XMLHttpRequest" title="XMLHttpRequest">XMLHttpRequest</a> and similar "<a href="Client-side_script" class="mw-redirect" title="Client-side script">client-side script</a> <a href="Remote_procedure_call" title="Remote procedure call">remote procedure call</a>" functions, open the possibility of use and triggering <a href="Web_services" class="mw-redirect" title="Web services">web services</a> from the web page interface.
</p><p>The web development community subsequently developed a range of techniques for remote scripting in order to enable consistent results across different browsers. Early examples include <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ashleyit.com/rs/jsrs/test.htm">JSRS</a> library from 2000, the introduction of the Image/Cookie technique in 2000.
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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="JavaScript_Remote_Scripting">JavaScript Remote Scripting</h2></div>
<p><b>JavaScript Remote Scripting</b> (<b>JSRS</b>) is a web development technique for creating interactive web applications using a combination of:
</p>
<ul><li>HTML (or <a href="XHTML" title="XHTML">XHTML</a>)</li>
<li>The <a href="Document_Object_Model" title="Document Object Model">Document Object Model</a> manipulated through <a href="JavaScript" title="JavaScript">JavaScript</a> to dynamically display and interact with the information presented</li>
<li>A transport layer. Different technologies may be used, though using a script tag or an iframe is used the most because it has better browser support than <a href="XMLHttpRequest" title="XMLHttpRequest">XMLHttpRequest</a></li>
<li>A data format. <a href="XML" title="XML">XML</a> with <a href="WDDX" title="WDDX">WDDX</a> can be used as well as <a href="JSON" title="JSON">JSON</a> or any other text format.</li></ul>
<p><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.blueshoes.org/img/javaScript/jsrs/jsrs.gif">Schematic</a>
</p><p>A similar approach is <a href="Ajax_(programming)" title="Ajax (programming)">Ajax</a>, though it depends on the XmlHttpRequest in newer web browsers.
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Libraries">Libraries</h3></div>
<ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ashleyit.com/rs/main.htm">Brent Ashley's original JSRS library released in 2000</a></li>
<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.blueshoes.org/en/javascript/jsrs/">BlueShoes JSRS with added encoding and OO RPC abstractions</a></li>
<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060414190045/http://simpletutorials.com/tutorials/jsrs/index.php">Simple Tutorials: Javascript Remote Scripting with PHP</a> at the <a href="Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> (archived 2006-04-14)</li>
<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms974566.aspx">MSDN article</a></li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2></div>
<ul><li><a href="Ajax_(programming)" title="Ajax (programming)">Ajax</a></li>
<li><a href="Rich_Internet_application" class="mw-redirect" title="Rich Internet application">Rich Internet application</a></li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div>
<ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060414190045/http://simpletutorials.com/tutorials/jsrs/index.php">Simple Tutorials: Javascript Remote Scripting with PHP</a> at the <a href="Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> (archived 2006-04-14)</li>
<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110924143911/https://developer.apple.com/internet/webcontent/iframe.html">Apple Developer: Remote Scripting with IFRAME</a> at the <a href="Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> (archived 2011-09-24)</li></ul>
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<ul><li><a href="HTTP" title="HTTP">HTTP</a>
<ul><li><a href="HTTP/2" title="HTTP/2">v2</a></li>
<li><a href="HTTP/3" title="HTTP/3">v3</a></li>
<li><a href="HTTPS" title="HTTPS">Encryption</a></li>
<li><a href="WebDAV" title="WebDAV">WebDAV</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="Common_Gateway_Interface" title="Common Gateway Interface">CGI</a></li>
<li><a href="Simple_Common_Gateway_Interface" title="Simple Common Gateway Interface">SCGI</a></li>
<li><a href="FastCGI" title="FastCGI">FCGI</a></li>
<li><a href="Apache_JServ_Protocol" title="Apache JServ Protocol">AJP</a></li>
<li><a href="Web_Services_for_Remote_Portlets" title="Web Services for Remote Portlets">WSRP</a></li>
<li><a href="WebSocket" title="WebSocket">WebSocket</a></li></ul>
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<ul><li><a href="Netscape_Server_Application_Programming_Interface" title="Netscape Server Application Programming Interface">C NSAPI</a></li>
<li><a href="Apache_HTTP_Server#Feature_overview" title="Apache HTTP Server">C ASAPI</a></li>
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<li><a href="Active_Server_Pages" title="Active Server Pages">COM ASP</a></li>
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<ul><li><a href="Web_container" title="Web container">container</a></li></ul></li>
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<li><a href="HTTP_handler" title="HTTP handler">ASP.NET Handler</a></li>
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<li><a href="Asynchronous_Server_Gateway_Interface" title="Asynchronous Server Gateway Interface">Python ASGI</a></li>
<li><a href="Rack_(web_server_interface)" title="Rack (web server interface)">Ruby Rack</a></li>
<li><a href="JSGI" title="JSGI">JavaScript JSGI</a></li>
<li><a href="Plack_(software)#PSGI" title="Plack (software)">Perl PSGI</a></li>
<li><a href="Java_Portlet_Specification" title="Java Portlet Specification">Portlet</a>
<ul><li><a href="Java_Portlet_Specification" title="Java Portlet Specification">container</a></li></ul></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="List_of_Apache_modules" title="List of Apache modules">Apache modules</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Server_Side_Includes" title="Server Side Includes">mod_include</a></li>
<li><a href="Mod_jk" class="mw-redirect" title="Mod jk">mod_jk</a></li>
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<li><a href="Mod_parrot" class="mw-redirect" title="Mod parrot">mod_parrot</a></li>
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<li><a href="Mod_proxy" title="Mod proxy">mod_proxy</a></li>
<li><a href="Mod_python" title="Mod python">mod_python</a></li>
<li><a href="Mod_wsgi" title="Mod wsgi">mod_wsgi</a></li>
<li><a href="Mod_ruby" title="Mod ruby">mod_ruby</a></li>
<li><a href="Phusion_Passenger" title="Phusion Passenger">Phusion Passenger</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Web_service" title="Web service">Web service</a> vs. <a href="Web_resource" title="Web resource">Web resource</a></li>
<li><a href="Web-oriented_architecture" title="Web-oriented architecture">WOA</a> vs. <a href="Resource-oriented_architecture" title="Resource-oriented architecture">ROA</a></li>
<li><a href="Open_API" title="Open API">Open API</a></li>
<li><a href="Webhook" title="Webhook">Webhook</a></li>
<li><a href="Application_server" title="Application server">Application server</a>
<ul><li><a href="List_of_application_servers" title="List of application servers">comparison</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="Server-side_scripting" title="Server-side scripting">Scripting</a></li></ul>
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<ul><li><a href="NPAPI" title="NPAPI">C NPAPI</a>
<ul><li><a href="NPAPI#LiveConnect" title="NPAPI">LiveConnect</a></li>
<li><a href="NPAPI#XPConnect" title="NPAPI">XPConnect</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="NPAPI#NPRuntime" title="NPAPI">C NPRuntime</a></li>
<li><a href="Google_Native_Client#Pepper" title="Google Native Client">C PPAPI</a>
<ul><li><a href="Google_Native_Client" title="Google Native Client">NaCl</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="ActiveX" title="ActiveX">ActiveX</a></li>
<li><a href="Browser_Helper_Object" title="Browser Helper Object">BHO</a></li>
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<ul><li><a href="HTML_audio" title="HTML audio">Audio</a></li>
<li><a href="Canvas_element" title="Canvas element">Canvas</a></li>
<li><a href="Document_Object_Model" title="Document Object Model">DOM</a></li>
<li><a href="Server-sent_events" title="Server-sent events">SSE</a></li>
<li><a href="HTML_video" title="HTML video">Video</a></li>
<li><a href="WebSocket" title="WebSocket">WebSockets</a></li>
<li><a href="Web_Messaging" title="Web Messaging">Web messaging</a></li>
<li><a href="Web_storage" title="Web storage">Web storage</a></li>
<li><a href="Web_worker" title="Web worker">Web worker</a></li>
<li><a href="XMLHttpRequest" title="XMLHttpRequest">XMLHttpRequest</a></li></ul>
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<ul><li><a href="DOM_event" title="DOM event">DOM events</a></li>
<li><a href="Encrypted_Media_Extensions" title="Encrypted Media Extensions">EME</a></li>
<li><a href="HTML5_File_API" title="HTML5 File API">File</a></li>
<li><a href="W3C_Geolocation_API" title="W3C Geolocation API">Geolocation</a></li>
<li><a href="Indexed_Database_API" title="Indexed Database API">IndexedDB</a></li>
<li><a href="Media_Source_Extensions" title="Media Source Extensions">MSE</a></li>
<li><a href="SVG" title="SVG">SVG</a></li>
<li><a href="WebAssembly" title="WebAssembly">WebAssembly</a></li>
<li><a href="WebAuthn" title="WebAuthn">WebAuthn</a></li>
<li><a href="WebGPU" title="WebGPU">WebGPU</a></li>
<li><a href="WebRTC" title="WebRTC">WebRTC</a></li>
<li><a href="WebXR" title="WebXR">WebXR</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Khronos_Group" title="Khronos Group">Khronos</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="WebCL" title="WebCL">WebCL</a></li>
<li><a href="WebGL" title="WebGL">WebGL</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Gears_(software)" title="Gears (software)">Gears</a></li>
<li><a href="Web_SQL_Database" title="Web SQL Database">Web SQL Database</a> (formerly W3C)</li>
<li><a href="WebUSB" title="WebUSB">WebUSB</a></li></ul>
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<ul><li><a href="Ajax_(programming)" title="Ajax (programming)">Ajax</a> and vs. <a href="Dynamic_HTML" title="Dynamic HTML">DHTML</a></li>
<li><a href="Browser_extension" title="Browser extension">Browser extension</a></li>
<li><a href="Cross-site_scripting" title="Cross-site scripting">Cross-site scripting</a> and <a href="Cross-origin_resource_sharing" title="Cross-origin resource sharing">CORS</a></li>
<li><a href="Hydration_(web_development)" title="Hydration (web development)">Hydration</a></li>
<li><a href="Mashup_(web_application_hybrid)" title="Mashup (web application hybrid)">Mashup</a></li>
<li><a href="Client-side_persistent_data" title="Client-side persistent data">Persistent data</a></li>
<li><a href="Web_IDL" title="Web IDL">Web IDL</a></li>
<li><a href="Dynamic_web_page#Client-side_scripting" title="Dynamic web page">Scripting</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div id="Related_topics14">Related topics</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Frontend_and_backend" title="Frontend and backend">Frontend and backend</a></li>
<li><a href="Microservices" title="Microservices">Microservices</a>
<ul><li><a href="REST" title="REST">REST</a></li>
<li><a href="GraphQL" title="GraphQL">GraphQL</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="Push_technology" title="Push technology">Push technology</a></li>
<li><a href="Solution_stack" title="Solution stack">Solution stack</a></li>
<li><a href="Web_page" title="Web page">Web page</a>
<ul><li><a href="Static_web_page" title="Static web page">Static</a></li>
<li><a href="Dynamic_web_page" title="Dynamic web page">Dynamic</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="Web_standards" title="Web standards">Web standards</a></li>
<li><a href="Web_API_security" title="Web API security">Web API security</a></li>
<li><a href="Web_application" title="Web application">Web application</a>
<ul><li><a href="Rich_Internet_Application" title="Rich Internet Application">Rich</a></li>
<li><a href="Single-page_application" title="Single-page application">Single-page</a></li>
<li><a href="Progressive_web_app" title="Progressive web app">Progressive</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="Web_framework" title="Web framework">Web framework</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>
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